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Harbour seal [Phoca vitulina]

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Vertebrate species: mammals Description and ecological characteristics Harbour seals Phoca vitulina are the characteristic seal of sandflats and estuaries, but are also found on rocky shores in Scotla...


Western rustwort [Marsupella profunda]

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Lower plant species Description and ecological characteristics Western rustwort Marsupella profunda is a small reddish liverwort which colonises moist, crumbling mica-rich weathered granite and china ...


Allis shad [Alosa alosa]

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Vertebrate species: fish Description and ecological characteristics The allis shad Alosa alosa is a member of the herring family. It is difficult to distinguish from its close relative 1103 Twaite sha...


Bullhead [Cottus gobio]

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Vertebrate species: fish Description and ecological characteristics The bullhead Cottus gobio is a small bottom-living fish that inhabits a variety of rivers, streams and stony lakes. It appears to fa...


Marsh saxifrage [Saxifraga hirculus]

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Higher plant species Description and ecological characteristics Marsh saxifrage Saxifraga hirculus is a an attractive, yellow-flowered perennial that requires base-rich and wet conditions. It is now c...


Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition-type vegetation

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Freshwater habitats Description and ecological characteristics Natural eutrophic lakes have nutrient levels that are higher than those of oligotrophic, dystrophic or mesotrophic lakes, resulting in hi...


Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis)

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Natural and semi-natural grassland formations Description and ecological characteristics This Annex I type comprises species-rich hay meadows on moderately fertile soils of river and tributary floodpl...


Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae)

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Forests Description and ecological characteristics Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior ( Alno-Padion , Alnion incanae , Salicion albae ) comprises woods dominated by alder Aln...


Sub-Arctic Salix spp. scrub

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Temperate heath and scrub Description and ecological characteristics Sub-Arctic Salix spp. scrub is the UK’s highest-altitude shrubby vegetation, occurring on moist, relatively base-rich soils in rock...


Coastal dunes with Juniperus spp.

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Coastal sand dunes and continental dunes Description and ecological characteristics This habitat type comprises common juniper Juniperus communis scrub on coastal sand dunes in a variety of situations...



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