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IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.GzPk Grazed Laminaria hyperborea park with coralline crusts on lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Exposed to moderately exposed Laminaria hyperborea kelp park in some areas is intensively grazed by the urchin Echinus esculentus. The rock surface lacks a significant turf of foliose seaweeds and gen...
LR.MLR Moderate energy littoral rock
Published date 2015-03Moderately exposed shores (bedrock, boulders and cobbles) characterised by mosaics of barnacles and fucoids on the mid and upper shore; with fucoids and red seaweed mosaics on the lower shore. Where f...
SS.SSa.IFiSa.ScupHyd Sertularia cupressina and Hydrallmania falcata on tide-swept sublittoral sand with cobbles or pebbles.
Published date 2015-03Shallow sands with cobbles and pebbles, exposed to strong tidal streams, with conspicuous colonies of hydroids, particularly Hydrallmania falcata and to a lesser extent Sertularia cupressina and S. ar...
IR.HIR.KFaR.Ala Alaria esculenta on exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock
Published date 2015-03Exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock with an Alaria esculenta forest and an encrusting fauna of the mussel Mytilus edulis and barnacles such as Semibalanus balanoides. The kelp Laminaria digitata can be...
LR.FLR.Eph.BLitX Barnacles and Littorina spp. on unstable eulittoral mixed substrata
Published date 2015-03The eulittoral zone, particularly the mid shore zone, of sheltered to extremely sheltered mixed substrata shores is often characterised by flat banks or scards of cobbles and pebbles (on sediment) whi...
LS.LCS.Sh.Ech Echinogammarus incertae sedis planicrurus in mid shore well-sorted gravel or coarse sand
Published date 2015-03Shores of well-sorted gravel with a predominant particle size of 4.0 mm but ranging between 3 and 6 mm support dense populations of the amphipod Echinogammarus incertae sedis planicrurus. Material fin...
SS.SMx.IMx.Ost Ostrea edulis beds on shallow sublittoral muddy mixed sediment
Published date 2015-03Dense beds of the oyster Ostrea edulis can occur on muddy fine sand or sandy mud mixed sediments. There may be considerable quantities of dead oyster shell making up a substantial portion of the subst...
SS.SMu.IFiMu.Beg Beggiatoa spp. on anoxic sublittoral mud
Published date 2015-03Sublittoral soft anoxic mud, often in areas with poor water exchange with the open sea, can have a conspicuous bacterial mat covering of Beggiatoa spp. The anoxia may be a result of natural conditions...
LS.LSa.MuSa.BatCare Bathyporeia pilosa and Corophium arenarium in littoral muddy sand
Published date 2015-03Wave-sheltered, mainly upper and mid shore flats of medium to fine sand, often muddy sand. The salinity, although predominantly recorded as variable, probably varies little from fully marine in these ...
SS.SMp.KSwSS.SlatGraFS Saccharina latissima, Gracilaria gracilis and brown seaweeds on full salinity infralittoral sediment
Published date 2015-03Shallow kelp community found on muddy sand, in moderately exposed or sheltered, fully marine conditions, with weak tidal currents. The community is characterised by a reasonable covering of Saccharina...