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SS.SMp.KSwSS.FilG Filamentous green seaweeds on low salinity infralittoral mixed sediment or rock

Published date 2015-03

Shallow muddy sediments, often with boulders, cobbles and pebbles around the edges of lagoons, or other areas that are exposed to wide salinity variations are unsuitable for colonisation by many speci...


LR.HLR.MusB.Cht Chthamalus spp. on exposed eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed to moderately exposed upper and mid eulittoral bedrock and boulders characterised by a dense community of barnacles, including Chthamalus montagui, Chthamalus stellatus and Semibalanus ba...


IR.MIR.KR Kelp and red seaweeds (moderate energy infralittoral rock)

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock subject to moderate wave exposure, or moderately strong tidal streams on more sheltered coasts. On bedrock and stable boulders there is typically a narrow band of kelp Laminaria dig...


LR.FLR.Rkp Rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Rockpools occur where the topography of the shore allows seawater to be retained within depressions in the bedrock producing 'pools' on the retreat of the tide. As these rockpool communities are perma...


LS.LBR Littoral biogenic reefs

Published date 2015-03

The Littoral Biogenic Reefs habitat complex contains two biotope complexes (littoral Sabellaria reefs, and mixed sediment shores with mussels), encompassing the littoral biotope dominated by the honey...


CR.HCR.DpSp Deep sponge communities (circalittoral)

Published date 2015-03

This biotope complex typically occurs on deep (commonly below 30m depth), wave-exposed circalittoral rock subject to negligible tidal streams. The sponge component of this biotope is the most striking...


LR.FLR.Rkp.G Green seaweeds (Ulva spp. and Cladophora spp.) in shallow upper shore rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Rockpools in the littoral fringe or upper eulittoral zone subject to widely fluctuating temperatures and salinity are characterised by ephemeral green alga of the genus Ulva, along with Cladophora spp...


SS.SMx.SMxVS Sublittoral mixed sediment in variable salinity (estuaries)

Published date 2015-03

Shallow sublittoral mixed sediments in estuarine conditions, often with surface shells or stones, enabling the development of diverse epifaunal communities, e.g. Crepidula fornicata (SS.SMx.SMxVS.CreM...


SS.SMp.Mrl.Pcal Phymatolithon calcareum maerl beds in infralittoral clean gravel or coarse sand

Published date 2015-03

Maerl beds characterised by Phymatolithon calcareum in gravels and sands. Associated epiphytes may include algae such as Dictyota dichotoma, Halarachnion ligulatum, Metacallophyllis laciniata, Cryptop...


SS.SSa.IFiSa.IMoSa Infralittoral mobile clean sand with sparse fauna

Published date 2015-03

Medium to fine sandy sediment in shallow water, often formed into dunes, on exposed or tide-swept coasts often contains very little infauna due to the mobility of the substratum. Some opportunistic po...



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