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SS.SMx.IMx.CreAsAn Crepidula fornicata with ascidians and anemones on infralittoral coarse mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Medium-coarse sands with gravel, shells, pebbles and cobbles on moderately exposed coasts may support populations of the slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata with ascidians and anemones. C. fornicata is...


IR.FIR.SG.CC.BalSpi Balanus crenatus and/or Spirobranchus triqueter with spirorbid worms and coralline crusts on severely-scoured vertical infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Severely scoured bedrock in wave-surged caves, tunnels or gullies often looks rather bare, and may be characterised by a limited scour-tolerant fauna of Balanus crenatus and/or Spirobranchus triqueter...


CR Circalittoral rock (and other hard substrata)

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral rock is present all around the coast of the United Kingdom, and is characterised by animal dominated communities (a departure from the algae dominated communities in the infralittoral zo...


LS.LSa.MoSa Barren or amphipod-dominated mobile sand shores

Published date 2015-03

Shores consisting of clean mobile sands (coarse, medium and some fine-grained), with little very fine sand, and no mud present. Shells and stones may occasionally be present on the surface. The sand m...


LR.FLR.Rkp Rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Rockpools occur where the topography of the shore allows seawater to be retained within depressions in the bedrock producing 'pools' on the retreat of the tide. As these rockpool communities are perma...


LS.LMu.MEst Polychaete/bivalve-dominated mid estuarine mud shores

Published date 2015-03

Mid estuarine shores of fine sediment, mostly in the silt and clay fraction (particle size less than 0.063 mm in diameter), though sandy mud may contain up to 40% sand (mostly very fine and fine sand)...


IR.FIR.SG Infralittoral surge gullies and caves

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rocky habitats subject to strong wave surge conditions, as found in surge gullies and shallow caves, and typically colonised by faunal communities of encrusting or cushion sponges, colon...


IR.MIR.KR Kelp and red seaweeds (moderate energy infralittoral rock)

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock subject to moderate wave exposure, or moderately strong tidal streams on more sheltered coasts. On bedrock and stable boulders there is typically a narrow band of kelp Laminaria dig...


CR.FCR.Cv Circalittoral caves and overhangs

Published date 2015-03

Caves and overhanging rock in the circalittoral zone, away from significant influence of strong wave action (compare FIR.SG). This habitat may be colonised by a wide variety of species, with sponges s...


SS.SMp.Mrl Maerl beds

Published date 2015-03

Beds of maerl in coarse clean sediments of gravels and clean sands, which occur either on the open coast or in tide-swept channels of marine inlets (the latter often stony). In fully marine conditions...



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